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on: Saturday, 17 May 2008 04:29
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QUOTE(Awaken @ Jun 13 2007, 03:34 AM) *I don't wish to go off topic here but I just wanted to second the view that this is simply the best forum I have ever seen on the web, not just about depression but in terms of clarity of layout, friendliness and information. A truly wonderful site that I am very glad I discovered!Ok...back on topic lol
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Depression & Mental Health FAQs
US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimated 40 million
Americans living today will suffer from major depressive illness during their lives.

Seasonal affective disorder is major depression that appears in the fall or winter and goes away in spring, thought to be caused by lack of sunlight.



Postpartum depression occurs within four weeks of a women giving childbirth. Most new mothers suffer from some form of the �baby blues.� Postpartum depression, by contrast, is major depression, thought to be triggered by changes in hormonal flows associated with childbirth.

Catatonic depression is a rare form of major depression characterized by (at least two): Stupor, excessive motor activity, extreme negativism, peculiarities in voluntary movement, and repetition of other people's words or actions. - mcmanweb.com



Psychotic depression is a rare form of depression characterized by delusions or hallucinations, such as believing you are someone you are not and hearing voices.


According to the National Institute of Mental Health, approximately 18.8 million American adults, or about 9.5 percent of the US population age 18 and older in a given year, have a depressive disorder.
Depression is a chronic illness that exacts a significant toll on America's health and productivity.  It affects more than 21 million American children and adults annually and is the leading cause of disability in the United States for individuals ages 15 to 44.


Lost productive time among U.S. workers due to depression is estimated to be in excess of $31 billion per year.  Depression frequently co-occurs with a variety of medical illnesses such as heart disease, cancer, and chronic pain and is associated with poorer health status and prognosis.  It is also the principal cause of the 30,000 suicides in the U.S. each year.  In 2004, suicide was the 11th leading cause of death in the United States, third among individuals 15-24.


According to the World Health Organization, depression is presently on track to becoming the world's second-most disabling disease (after heart disease) by the year 2020.

Depression is responsible for some $87 billion a year in lost productivity in the US (a conservative estimate), and according to Bank One, is responsible for most lost work days in its employees after pregnancy and childbirth.

Additionally, one million people worldwide die by their own hand, most as a result of a mood disorder. Finally, the linkage between depression and a host of physical illnesses makes it arguably the world's greatest killer.

Research presented at the 56th Annual Conference of the Canadian Psychiatric Association shows a marked link between bipolar disorder and migraines.

The odds of migraine in persons with bipolar disorder were 40% higher than the general population.

Data obtained from 36,984 people aged 15 and over, who screened positive for manic or depressive episodes with migraine, were compared against those who screened positive for mania but who didn�t suffer from migraines.

Amongst males, 14.9% of those with manic episodes were also diagnosed with migraines compared with 5.8% of the general population. Amongst females, 34.7% had both migraines and bipolar disorder compared with 14.7% who only had migraines.unquote.gif

While the research was skewed towards persons who were already diagnosed with bipolar disorders, what does it mean for people who suffer from migraines but who may have an undiagnosed bipolar disorder?



Migraines and headaches aren�t fully understood but the manifestations are very real and debilitating for their sufferers:

Throbbing pain
Nausea
Heightened sensitivity to light or sound
Seeing dots, wavy lines, flashing lights, or blind spots
Difficulty with speech, sensation, or movement

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Medications A-Z

By Lindsay
ALPHABETICAL LIST OF MEDICATIONS BY TRADE NAME
TRADE NAME - GENERIC NAME


Antipsychotic Medications

Abilify� (aripiprazole)

Clozaril� (clozapine)

Geodon� (ziprasidone)

Haldol� (Haloperidol)

Lidone� (molindone)

Loxitane� (loxapine)

Mellaril� (Thioridazine hydrochloride)

Moban� (Molindone hydrochloride)

Navane� (Thiothixene)

Orap� (Pimozide)
(for Tourette's syndrome)

Prolixin� (fluphenazine)

Risperdal� (risperidone)

Serentil� (Mesoridazine besylate)

Seroquel� (quetiapine)

Stelazine� (Trifluoperazine hydrochloride)

Thorazine� (chlorpromazine)

Trilafon� (perphenazine)

Zyprexa � (olanzapine)

Antimanic Medications


Depakote� (divalproex sodium) - Valproic Acid

Eskalith �, Lithane�, Lithobid� (lithium carbonate)

Lamictal� (lamotrigine)

Neurontin� (Gabapentin)

Tegretol� (Carbamazepine)

Topamax� (toe-PA-max)

Antidepressant Medications

Anafranil� (Clomipramine hydrochloride)

Celexa� (citalopram HBr)

Cymbalta� (Duloxetine hydrochloride)

Desyrel� (Trazodone hydrochloride)

Dosulepin�

Effexor� (venlafaxine)

Elavil� (Amitriptyline hydrochloride)

Lexapro� (escitalopram)

Ludiomil� (MAPROTILINE )

Luvox� (fluvoxamine)

Nardil� (Phenelzine sulfate)

Norpramin� (desipramine)

Pamelor� (Nortriptyline hydrochloride)

Parnate� (Tranylcypromine sulfate)

Paxil � (paroxetine hydrochloride)

Prozac� (fluoxetine)

Remeron� (mirtazapine, zispin)

Serzone� (nefazodone)

Sinequan� (Doxepin hydrochloride)

Surmontil� (Trimipramine maleate)

Symbyax� (Prozac� & Zyprexa�) ( Olanzapine and Fluoxetine hydrochloride
(Combination Antipsychotic and Antidepressant Medication )

Tofranil� (Imipramine)

Vivactil� (protriptyline)

Wellbutrin� (bupropion)

Zoloft� (Sertraline)

Antianxiety Medications
(All of these antianxiety medications except BuSpar� are benzodiazepines)

Ativan� (lorazepam)

BuSpar� (buspirone)

Halcion� triazolam (trye AH zoe lam)

Librium�, Librax� , Libritabs� (chlordiazepoxide)

Klonopin�, Rivotril� (clonazepam)

Serax� (oxazepam)

Restoril� (temazepam)

Tranxene� (clorazepate)

Valium� (diazepam)

Xanax� (alprazolam)

CHILDREN'S MEDICATION CHART
TRADE NAME GENERIC NAME APPROVED AGE

Stimulant Medications

Adderall� (amphetamine)
(Adderall XR� amphetamine 6 and older)

Concerta � methylphenidate
(long acting) 6 and older (See Ritalin�)

Dexedrine� (dextroamphetamine)
(Dextrostat� dextroamphetamine 3 and older)

Focalin� (dexmethylphenidate )

Ritalin�, Metadate ER� (methylphenidate )

Non-stimulant for ADHD

Strattera� (atomoxetine )
*Because of its potential for serious side effects affecting the liver, Cylert should not ordinarily be considered as first-line drug therapy for ADHD.

Antidepressant and Antianxiety Medications

(See above discriptions for information on these meds)

Anafranil� (Clomipramine hydrochloride) 10 and older (for OCD)

BuSpar� buspirone 18 and older

Effexor� venlafaxine 18 and older

Luvox� (SSRI) fluvoxamine 8 and older (for OCD)

Paxil� (SSRI) paroxetine 18 and older

Prozac� (SSRI) fluoxetine 18 and older

Serzone� (SSRI) nefazodone 18 and older

Sinequan� doxepin 12 and older

Tofranil� imipramine 6 and older (for bedwetting)

Wellbutrin� bupropion 18 and older

Zoloft� (SSRI) sertraline 6 and older (for OCD)

Antipsychotic Medications

(See above discriptions for information on these meds)

Clozaril (atypical) clozapine 18 and older

Haldol� haloperidol 3 and older

Risperdal� (atypical) risperidone 18 and older

Seroquel� (atypical) quetiapine 18 and older

Mellaril� thioridazine 2 and older

Zyprexa (atypical) olanzapine 18 and older

Orap� pimozide 12 and older (for Tourette's syndrome�Data for age 2 and older indicate similar safety profile)

Mood Stabilizing Medications
(See above discriptions for information on these meds)

Cibalith-S� lithium citrate 12 and older

Depakote� valproic acid 2 and older (for seizures)

Eskalith� lithium carbonate 12 and older

Lithobid� lithium carbonate 12 and older

Tegretol� carbamazepine any age (for seizures)

----------------------------------------------------------------

REFERENCES

1Fenton WS. Prevalence of spontaneous dyskinesia in schizophrenia. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 2000; 62 (suppl 4): 10-14.

2Bowden CL, Calabrese JR, McElroy SL, Gyulai L, Wassef A, Petty F, et al. For the Divalproex Maintenance Study Group. A randomized, placebo-controlled 12-month trial of divalproex and lithium in treatment of outpatients with bipolar I disorder. Archives of General Psychiatry, 2000; 57(5): 481-489.

3Vainionp�� LK, R�tty� J, Knip M, Tapanainen JS, Pakarinen AJ, Lanning P, et al. Valproate-induced hyperandrogenism during pubertal maturation in girls with epilepsy. Annals of Neurology, 1999; 45(4): 444-450.

4Soames JC. Valproate treatment and the risk of hyperandrogenism and polycystic ovaries. Bipolar Disorder, 2000; 2(1): 37-41.

5Thase ME, and Sachs GS. Bipolar depression: Pharmacotherapy and related therapeutic strategies. Biological Psychiatry, 2000; 48(6): 558-572.

6Department of Health and Human Services. 1999. Mental Health: A Report of the Surgeon General. Rockville, MD: Department of Health and Human Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Center for Mental Health Services, National Institute of Mental Health.

7Altshuler LL, Cohen L, Szuba MP, Burt VK, Gitlin M, and Mintz J. Pharmacologic management of psychiatric illness during pregnancy: Dilemmas and guidelines. American Journal of Psychiatry, 1996; 153(5): 592-606.

8Physicians' Desk Reference, 54th edition. Montavale, NJ: Medical Economics Data Production Co. 2000.

This is the 4th edition of Medications. It was revised by Margaret Strock, staff member in the Science Writing Team, Public Information and Communications Branch, National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH). Scientific review was provided by Wayne Fenton, M.D., Henry Haigler, Ph.D., Ellen Leibenluft, M.D., Matthew Rudorfer, M.D., and Benedetto Vitiello, M.D. Editorial assistance was provided by Lisa Alberts and Ruth Dubois.

NIH Publication No. 02-3929



NIMH publications are in the public domain and may be reproduced or copied without the permission from the Institute (NIMH). NIMH encourages you to reproduce them and use them in your efforts to improve public health. Citation of the National Institute of Mental Health as a source is appreciated. However, using government materials inappropriately can raise legal or ethical concerns, so we ask you to use these guidelines:

* NIMH does not endorse or recommend any commercial products, processes, or services, and publications may not be used for advertising or endorsement purposes.
* NIMH does not provide specific medical advice or treatment recommendations or referrals; these materials may not be used in a manner that has the appearance of such information.
* NIMH requests that non-Federal organizations not alter publications in a way that will jeopardize the integrity and "brand" when using publications.
* Addition of Non-Federal Government logos and website links may not have the appearance of NIMH endorsement of any specific commercial products or services or medical treatments or services.

If you have questions regarding these guidelines and use of NIMH publications, please contact the NIMH Information Center at 1-866-615-6464 or at nimhinfo@nih.gov.



Physicians' Desk Reference� (PDR�)
For more than 50 years, doctors have relied upon the Physicians' Desk Reference for the latest, most accurate drug information. Today that trusted knowledge is available to you and your family through PDRhealth.

The drug information on PDRhealth is written in lay terms and is based on the FDA-approved drug information found in the PDR. It gives consumers plain-English explanations for the safe and effective use of prescription and nonprescription drugs�explanations that are consistent with the information professionals are referencing in the PDR. Use this section to read about a drug your doctor may have prescribed to check for side effects, drug interactions, and other important information.

While great care has been taken in organizing and presenting the material on depressionforums, please note that information on a web site should never be substituted for the advice of your doctor or other health professional.]

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Medical News
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Suicide Prevention Group Delivers Much Needed Message To Pennsylvania's Elderly
This month, in recognition of National Mental Health Month and Older Pennsylvanians Month, Feeling Blue Suicide Prevention Council (SPC) will offer an important message to senior citizens through a public service announcement.

Link Between Mothers' Depression And Young Children's Injuries Confirmed By Study
Infants and toddlers whose mothers are severely depressed are almost three times more likely to suffer accidental injuries than other children in the same age group, according to a new study. The study's findings, published in the Advanced Access edition of the Journal of Pediatric Psychology, suggest that proper treatment for depression would improve not only the mothers' health, but the health of young children as well.




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FDA Approves Strattera(R) For Maintenance Of ADHD In Children And Adolescents
Eli Lilly and Company (NYSE: LLY) announced that the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved Strattera(R) (atomoxetine HCI) for maintenance treatment of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in children and adolescents. Strattera, a selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, is the first FDA-approved non-stimulant to treat ADHD in children, adolescents and adults.

VYVANSE Demonstrated Significant Improvement In ADHD Symptoms In Adults
Shire plc (LSE: SHP, NASDAQ: SHPGY), the global specialty biopharmaceutical company, presented the results of a phase III pivotal study in which VYVANSE demonstrated significant improvements in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) symptoms in adults and met all safety and efficacy endpoints. "Adults with ADHD often find it challenging to focus and organize during the day.




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LUNESTA(R) Study Of Patients With Insomnia And Co-Morbid Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) Published In Archives Of General Psychiatry
Sepracor Inc. (Nasdaq: SEPR) announced the publication of a study of LUNESTA tablets in patients with insomnia and co-morbid generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) in the May issue of the Archives of General Psychiatry. This 595-patient study examined the safety and efficacy of LUNESTA co-administered with escitalopram oxalate, which is commonly used in the treatment of anxiety, versus co-administration of escitalopram and placebo in patients with insomnia and co-existing GAD.

Alcohol Cravings In Response To Negative Emotions Felt More Acutely By Men
Women and men tend to have different types of stress-related psychological disorders. Women have greater rates of depression and some types of anxiety disorders than men, while men have greater rates of alcohol-use disorders than women. A new study of emotional and alcohol-craving responses to stress has found that when men become upset, they are more likely than women to want alcohol.




Bipolar News From Medical News Today
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FDA Approves Astrazeneca's Seroquel For Maintenance Treatment In Bipolar Disorder
AstraZeneca announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved SEROQUEL® (quetiapine fumarate) for the maintenance treatment of patients with bipolar I disorder, as adjunct to lithium or divalproex. SEROQUEL is approved by the FDA for the treatment of schizophrenia, and is also the only single agent approved by the FDA for the treatment of both depressive episodes in bipolar disorder and acute manic episodes associated with bipolar I disorder1,2.

Perceptual Switch Rates With Ambiguous Structure-from-motion Figures In Bipolar Disorder
Most people believe that the way we see things is affected by how we feel emotionally. Does our mood really change what we see or do individuals with certain genetic traits always tend to see things differently, regardless of their mood? Earlier research suggested that people with bipolar mood disorder might alternate their perception more slowly when looking at ambiguous figures.




Mental Health News From Medical News Today
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Female Sex Offenders Often Have Mental Problems
Women who commit sexual offences are just as likely to have mental problems or drug addictions as other violent female criminals. This according to the largest study ever conducted of women convicted of sexual offences in Sweden. Between 1988 and 2000, 93 women and 8,500 men were convicted of sexual offences in Sweden. Given that previous research has focused on male perpetrators, knowledge of the factors specific to female sex offenders has been scant.

Distinct Treatment Needed: Tourette's And Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Canada
While 30 to 50 percent of people with Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome are also affected with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), both illnesses have a distinct neurocognitive profile, according to a new study published in the print edition of the journal Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry by researchers from the Université de Montréal and the Fernand-Seguin Research Centre of the Louis-H Lafontaine Hospital.




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Psychotherapy Reduces OCD Symptoms In Young Children, Helps Some Achieve Clinical Remission
Although children as young as 5 can be diagnosed with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), few research studies have looked at treatments specifically geared toward young children with this disorder. Now, a new study from the Bradley Hasbro Children's Research Center provides some of the first evidence-based data on a successful intervention for early childhood OCD.

Regulate Anti Psychotic Drugs Now, UK
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Schizophrenia News From Medical News Today
Latest Schizophrenia News From Medical News Today.

By Evaluating MicroRNAs Scientists Dig Deeper Into The Genetics Of Schizophrenia
Researchers at Columbia University Medical Center have illuminated a window into how abnormalities in microRNAs, a family of molecules that regulate expression of numerous genes, may contribute to the behavioral and neuronal deficits associated with schizophrenia and possibly other brain disorders.In the May 11 issue of Nature Genetics, Maria Karayiorgou, M.D., professor of psychiatry, and Joseph A. Gogos, M.D., Ph.D.

New Link To Schizophrenia Discovered By Hopkins Researchers
Neuroscientists at Johns Hopkins have discovered that mice lacking an enzyme that contributes to Alzheimer disease exhibit a number of schizophrenia-like behaviors. The finding raises the possibility that this enzyme may participate in the development of schizophrenia and related psychiatric disorders and therefore may provide a new target for developing therapies.




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Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Related Brain Deficits Beaten By Green Tea Compounds
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Study Takes A Step Toward Better Defining Fatigue
In an effort to better define and ultimately address fatigue more effectively, a qualitative study from The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center has identified three primary themes loss of strength or energy, major effects of fatigue and associated sensations - among patients being treated with standard radiation therapy.Presenting at the 33rd Annual Congress of the Oncology Nursing Society (ONS), Loretta A. Williams, Ph.D.




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Depression & Mental Health FAQs 2
What is Clinical Depression?

Clinical depression can affect your body, mood, thoughts, and behavior. It can change your eating habits, how you feel and think about things, your ability to work and study, and how you interact with people.

Clinical depression is not a passing mood, a sign of personal weakness or a condition that can be willed away. Clinically depressed people cannot "pull themselves together" and get better.

Depression can be successfully treated by a mental health professional or certain health care providers. With the right treatment, 80 percent of those who seek help get better. And many people begin to feel better in just a few weeks.

Depression a Big Factor in Poor Health
World Health Organization Finds Depression Often Goes Untreated
By Salynn Boyles
WebMD Medical News
Reviewed by Louise Chang, MD

Sept. 6, 2007 -- Depression has a greater impact on overall health than arthritis, diabetes, angina, and asthma, but it all too often goes unrecognized and untreated, a report from the World Health Organization (WHO) suggests.
more...Depression a Big Factor in Poor Health

For Additional Information About Depression Write To:
The National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
6001 Executive Boulevard, Room 8184, MSC 9663
Bethesda, MD 20892-9663
 

For free brochures on depression and its treatment call:  1-800-421-4211.
or visit: http://www.nimh.nih.gov
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